Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
- This can be a Potentiometer or a non-contacting Hall sensor as angular-position sensor.
- This sensor calculates the movement and the position of the accelerator pedal.
- From this information, the engine management calculates the required torque and accordingly addresses the throttle device and the injection system.
- Normally comes along with accelerator-pedal module (APM).
Brake Position Sensor
- Digital Switches - Half press & Full press
Brake Vacuum Pressure Sensor
Clutch Position Sensor
- Digital Switches / Analog Sensors
Gear Position Sensor
- This can be a Potentiometer or a Hall sensor as angular-position sensor for gearbox.
- Gear position is used by ECU for different control operations, like starter motor engagement with Neutral gear, torque limitation for each gear for gearbox protection, tuning drivability filters in software etc.
Battery Sensors
- SOC / SOH / SOF
Starter Engagement Sensor
Ambient Pressure & Temperature sensor
Manifold Air Pressure & Temperature sensor
- Measures the absolute pressure & temperature in the intake manifold.
- Enables the air mass to be precisely calculated.
Hot-Film Air Mass (HFM) Sensor
Throttle Position Sensor
- Used to calculate the angle of rotation of the throttle valve and the rate of change.
- Used for controlling engine idle speed.
Engine Temperature Sensors
There
are 3 different types of engine temperature sensors, used based on the
type of cooling used for engine and mounting of sensor.
- Oil Temperature Sensor (used in Oil-Cooled Engines)
- Coolant Temperature Sensor (used in Liquid-Cooled Engines)
- Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor (used in Air-Cooled Engines)
Engine Speed Sensor
Fuel Level Sensor
Water in Fuel Sensor
Differential Pressure Sensor
Knock Sensor
- These are basically vibration sensors and are suitable for detecting structure-borne acoustic oscillations.
- Knock occurs in engine when uncontrolled ignition takes place.
- These are converted into electrical signals by the sensor and inputted to the ECU.
- As a rule, 4 cylinder in-line engines are equipped with one knock sensor; 5 and 6 cylinder engines, with two; and 8 and 12 cylinder engines have two or more. They are switched in accordance with the ignition sequence.
 |
| Location of Knock Sensor |
Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor
1. PreOxyCat2. DPF
Lambda (Oxygen) Sensor
- Detects the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas and sends it to the engine control unit (ECU).
- ECU adjusts the air fuel mixture to the optimal level.
- Too much oxygen in the exhaust gas indicates a lean mixture, which can cause performance problems, including misfires.
- Too little oxygen indicates a rich mixture, which wastes fuel and results in excess exhaust emissions.
EGR Position Sensor
Cabin Temperature Sensor
Used for Climate Control System - For maintaining the required temperature in the cabin of the vehicle.
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